Pola Pemahaman Panitia Zakat Fitrah mengenai Pendistribusian Zakat Fitrah secara Merata dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam

Abstract

Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam that must be fulfilled as a form of social obligation. It is divided into two categories: zakat fitrah and zakat mal. Zakat fitrah is a type of zakat that must be paid by every Muslim individual during the month of Ramadan. Over time, and due to traditions passed down from generation to generation within communities, zakat fitrah has often been distributed evenly based on the principle of social justice in each local environment. This raises a problem regarding the distribution of zakat fitrah. Is such an even distribution permissible, considering that Surah At-Taubah verse 60 clearly outlines specific categories (asnaf) of zakat recipients, and does not suggest an equal distribution? Based on the collected data, this study is qualitative in nature and uses a field research design with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques include interviews and documentation. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis with an inductive method. The results of this research indicate that the zakat fitrah distribution system in Pupus Village is largely not in accordance with Islamic law, as many mosques do not follow the prescribed rules. However, from the perspective of social justice, the system is considered fair and acceptable. Meanwhile, the determination of zakat fitrah recipients in Pupus Village is mostly inconsistent with Islamic teachings, as it does not adhere to the distribution among the eight recognized asnaf. Nevertheless, there is a differing perspective based on the theory of justice, which holds that equal distribution can be justified to prevent social inequality within society.