Al-Iṣlāḥ wa Jam‘ al-Qulūb sebagai Model Kohesi Sosial Profetik di Madinah Perspektif Sa’id Ali Al-Qahtani

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of al-iṣlāḥ wa jam‘ al-qulūb in the thought of Sa‘id bin Ali al-Qaḥṭānī and reconstruct it as a prophetic model of social cohesion in the development of the Madinan community. The research employs a qualitative approach using library research methods. The primary source is al-Qaḥṭānī’s work discussing the Prophet Muhammad’s wisdom in establishing the Madinan society through the principles of al-iṣlāḥ (social reform) and jam‘ al-qulūb (unification of hearts). Data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptiveanalytical methods. The findings reveal that the success of the Prophet Muhammad in building the Madinan community was not primarily based on political institutions or legal structures. Rather, it began with the 
restoration of damaged social relations caused by tribal conflicts, social fragmentation, and collective hostility. This process was implemented through the construction of the Prophet’s Mosque as a space of social integration, the institution of mu’ākhāh (brotherhood) as a reconstruction of social identity, the Constitution of Medina as the institutionalization of unity, and the cultivation of social ethics as a mechanism for sustaining cohesion. The study reconstructs a conceptual framework termed the Prophetic Social Cohesion Model, consisting of five integrative layers: ta’līf al-qulūb (unification of hearts), binā’ al-masjid (construction of integrative social space), mu’ākhāh (cross-group solidarity), mītsāq al-madīnah (institutionalization of unity), and akhlāq ijtimā‘iyyah (social ethics). This model demonstrates that social cohesion in the Islamic perspective is built through the integration of spiritual, moral, social, and institutional dimensions in a comprehensive and sustainable manner